Most carbon credits aren’t real reductions (yet)

About this study

Carbon markets play an important role in firms’ and governments’ climate strategies. Carbon crediting mechanisms allow project developers to earn carbon credits through mitigation projects.

Several studies have raised concerns about the environmental integrity of these credits, though a systematic evaluation of rigorous empirical studies is missing.

In this project, we synthesized all studies relying on experimental or rigorous observational methods, covering almost 1 billion tons of CO2e.


The data is based on Probst et al. (2024) Systematic assessment of the achieved emission reductions of carbon crediting projects published in Nature Communication, and will be continuously updated.

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